| Functions |
Niacin is required for oxidation-reduction reactions
in the Krebs (energy production) cycle. Niacin is part
of two enzymes, NAD and NADP, which are involved in
over 200 reactions in the metabolism of carbohydrates,
fatty acids and amino acids. These reactions are essential
for the function and maintenance of every cell in the
body. Lowers LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides,
raises HDL (good) cholesterol. High doses (2 gms per
day) have been shown to reduce the rate of recurrence
of heart attacks by 30% Causes vasodilation by stimulating
histamine release. With trivalent chromium, helps stabilize
blood sugar levels. Reduces anxiety and has been used
to assist withdrawal from benzodiazepines (Valium). |
| RDA |
Males 18 mg per day, females 13 mg per day. |
| Deficiency
symptoms |
The classic deficiency disease associated with niacin
deficiency is pellegra. Pellegra is characterized by
dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea (the 3 "D's"). Cracked
red, scaly inflammed skin, worse on areas exposed to
the sun. Swollen tongue and inflammation of the digestive
tract. Mental confusion. May progress to delirium or
psychosis. |
| Toxicity |
No documented toxicity but doses over 50 mg often provoke
a strong histamine response. Some individuals are so
alarmed by the sudden redness, flushing, burning and
itching of the skin that they race to the emergency
room. Tolerance to higher doses develops with consistent
use. |
| Best forms
|
Inositol Hexanicotinate or Inositol Hexaniacinate. |
| Food sources |
Brewer's yeast, lean meats, poultry, fish, organ meats
and peanuts are good sources. |
| Drug interactions |
Niacin is depleted by antibiotics such as, Penicillins,
Cephalosporins, Fluoroquinolones, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides,
Sulfonamides and Tetracyclines. Skin rashes may result
from combination with the anti-tubercular drug Isoniazid
|
| Nutrient
interactions |
Works well with other nutrients, especially other B
vitamins and chromium. |
| Metabolism |
Niacin is split from the essential amino acid, Tryptophan.
It is water-soluble and easily excreted. |
